Education

We provide a full-service offering to academy schools including non-audit and audit support services pre conversion, during conversion and post conversion. We have helped over 150 academies through the conversion process and would be delighted to talk to you about your school’s situation and how our conversion support services can be tailored to your specific needs.

Academies have a unique set of requirements when it comes to financial management and reporting. This means fundamental differences are required in financial arrangements and processes from local authority maintained schools and any choice of accounting system needs to be able to handle these changes. The system should be able to:

• Deal with charity fund accounting for the production of statutory accounts
• Provide accurate reports and audit trails to support the statutory audit process
• Provide timely and accurate management reporting for the governors
• Converting to academy status can also have a large impact on the school’s finance team due to changes in working practice and additional responsibilities. It is therefore important to have the correct accounting system in place that is configured in the best possible way to minimise disruption for the finance team.

Bishop Fleming has experience of the core accounting systems that are used across the academy sector. This means that we can provide help and support no matter which system is appropriate for you. Across our client base, FMS is the widest used, followed by Civica, PS Financials and Sage. Most maintained schools will have used FMS with their local authority and therefore take the decision to remain with the familiar system, thus removing one of the additional hurdles of conversion.

We can offer support with most aspects of accounting systems, but in particular:

• Assisting with the selection of the most appropriate system for your academy
• Assisting with the configuration of your nominal ledger, fund accounting and cost centres whether implementing a new system or converting your existing one
• Assisting with the content and production of management information and
• Assisting with the production of year end reports and close down.
• With our help, from an early stage, you will be better equipped to manage the finances of your academy.

With the growth of employment red tape, payroll administration has become an increasingly complex, costly and time-consuming distraction.

Our flexible payroll department can meet the needs of even the most demanding of payroll requirements. If someone starts, leaves or their salary payment is to change in any way, simply tell us and we will take care of the rest.

Bishop Fleming’s payroll service has been in place for over 30 years and has trebled in size during the last 5 years. We provide payroll services throughout the UK to over 500 businesses and charitable organisations employing up to 1,000 staff, including a large number of academies and non-academy schools. We have in-depth experience in taking over the payroll function for schools who had previously outsourced their payroll to the local authority which means we can ensure a smooth handover.

By choosing our payroll service you can be sure that your payroll will be processed quickly, efficiently and reliably. Your risk of payroll errors, including non payment of employees, will be minimised and your costs reduced through negating the need to employ specialist payroll staff.

Our fully managed payroll service includes:

• Security payslips with e-payslip delivery option
• Production of P45s for leavers
• Salary reports to your specifications including journal voucher report for importing into the school’s finance system
• Monthly payment details to the Collector of Taxes
• Preparation of annual PAYE Returns and Real Time Information (RTI) submissions
• Liaison with HM Revenue and Customs on your behalf
• A personal, friendly service with your own dedicated point of contact within our payroll team
• BACS bureau payment service to cater for the employee net salary and all required third party payments; and
• Completion of the monthly payment summary returns to the TPS and LGPS and the provision of the necessary data for the completion of the annual return to the LGPS.

At Bishop Fleming, we don’t like to think of the audit as just a necessity - for us it’s a way to increase our understanding of your academy, to identify potential weaknesses and to determine how we can help, providing increased security for you and your school.

We take a risk-based approach to auditing which means we focus on areas of most risk to your organisation.

The service we deliver matches strict compliance requirements with your need to run a successful organisation. This means minimising any disruption caused by the audit process, and maximising the potential to bring you meaningful insights on activities and financial controls.

You can expect us to provide:

• A flexible easy-to-use audit service that’s technically strong
• An organised approach with a timetable, year end file, proforma documents and guidance notes
• Annual training
• A quality management letter with practical recommendations based on extensive experience
• Electronic audit files minimising paper usage. This may be a new process for the school and we can guide you through it step by step
• The best expertise available in the region.

Most academy clients also come to us for support in putting their accounts in statutory format. We are often tailoring our approach to hand hold our clients through this process.

Academies face several tax issues including corporation and employment tax issues. Most academy schools will be constituted as a company limited by guarantee which have charitable objects in their articles. For tax purposes they are charities, although this does not mean that they will never pay tax!

There are significant exemptions within the tax legislation but these are not automatic blanket exemptions. It is important that academies understand the limits of the exemptions and how they must organise their affairs to ensure they benefit.

Registration with HMRC

Once formed the academy needs to register with HMRC. This includes completion of a registration form (ChA1) but also the charity needs to ensure that all its managers are “fit and proper persons”.

All academies have complicated pension arrangements.  Through our experience and knowledge of this area we can help your academy understand its responsibilities regarding pension schemes.

All academies have complicated pension arrangements. The teachers’ are members of the Teachers Pension Scheme (TPS), other staff may be members of the Local Government Pension Scheme (LGPS), have separate personal pension schemes, or have no pension provision at all.

Both the TPS and LGPS pension schemes are defined benefit schemes which are more commonly known as final salary schemes. If you read any media comment on these types of schemes then you will be aware that most are in a deficit position and so need significant further funding. This funding will need to come from the employer, which is now the academy, and so there are potentially major expenses facing academies over which they have very little control. There are likely to be further changes to both the TPS and LGPS pension schemes as they move away from the more generous pension based upon final salary to a career average salary.

The number and size of the pension schemes that academy employers are members of creates a great deal of complexity and adds a lot of administrative burden to Business Managers and their teams. Through our experience and knowledge of this area we can help you understand the obligations and commitments created by the pension arrangements. We can ensure that you are able to comply with the legislative requirements and more importantly, understand the impact that the schemes have on your academy, both in terms of the financial commitment and cash flow impact, and how these are disclosed in your financial statements.
The services that we offer are:

• End of Year Certificate (EOYC) pension audit and submission for the TPS scheme
• Review of LGPS submissions
• Review of actuarial returns for LGPS scheme to assess the assumptions used
• Assist trustees in understanding the deficit position and the cash flow impact of clearing this liability and
• Preparation of the financial statement disclosures associated with the defined benefit pension schemes.

Governor training

We offer bespoke governor training to suit your particular needs. The training is developed in-house and is delivered by one of our specialist academy team members. Our training covers a range of topics, some of which include: understanding the new funding streams, a review of the academies financial handbook, setting financial policies, and understanding the governors report. Our training can be delivered at a time to suit you, as a separate training session or as part of a governors’ meeting.

Accounting Officer training

The role of the accounting officer is an important one and so it is essential that you fully understand the requirements of the role. Our training provides guidance in respect of the role and responsibilities of the accounting officer, the reporting requirements, and the evidence required to support the annual statement. This training can be tailored to suit your needs or alternatively, we have a standard training session which we have developed in-house.

Every academy must have in place a process for independent checking of financial controls, systems, transactions and risks. The hand book states this should be driven by an audit committee, but The Education Skills and Funding Agency (ESFA) recognise in this new handbook that this may not be a practical proposition for every academy, especially for those that are smaller or where there is a limited pool of potential trustees to provide the necessary direction.

The ESFA has, therefore, introduced a system which allows some flexibility as to how trusts discharge these requirements. This means that all academies must establish either:

• A dedicated audit committee; or
• A committee whose remit includes the functions of an audit committee. This could be an addition to the terms of reference to an existing committee, such as a finance committee, and have an overlapping or fully integrated membership.
• Multi academy trusts with an income of over £10 million or capitalised asset value of over £30 million must have an audit committee (previously, it was a requirement that all single academies over these limits also had to have a dedicated audit committee).

For all other academies under these limits:

• Multi-academy trusts should consider having a dedicated audit committee; and
• All other academy trusts may have a dedicated audit committee.
• The relevant committee must review the risks to internal financial control at the academy and must agree a programme of work that will address these risks, to inform the governance statement that accompanies the trust’s annual accounts and, so far as is possible, provide assurance to the external auditors.

It is important that the academy considers the role of the accounting officer when setting their programme of work. This will assist the accounting officer when gathering evidence to enable them to sign their annual statement on regularity, propriety and compliance.

At Bishop Fleming we have extensive experience of advising our academy clients on all aspects relating to an audit committee, including advising on the terms of reference, how to run an effective function and advising on best practice.

Academies have a special VAT regime under s 33B of VAT Act 1994 which allows them to recover VAT which relates to their non-business activity of providing free education to their pupils funded by the Education Skills and Funding Agency. However, they also need to consider whether VAT registration may be required if their taxable business supplies exceed the VAT registration threshold.

How does an academy reclaim VAT?

An academy which is not VAT registered can submit a VAT 126 claim to HMRC in order to recover input VAT incurred on their non-business activities. Any VAT incurred on purchases relating to business activities must be excluded. An invoice schedule must be provided, which will include details of the supplier and their VAT number.

VAT 126 claims must cover a minimum period of at least one calendar month and are subject to a four year time limit from the date of the supply.

If an academy is VAT registered (see below) then the academy will make their claim using an electronic VAT return. Ordinarily these need to be completed on a quarterly basis, however an academy may request to submit monthly returns.

A VAT registered Academy will also pay output VAT on its VAT return in respect of any taxable business activities and will also be able to reclaim the VAT which relates to these supplies.

A single academy is the simplest type of academy. It consists of one school in a charitable company. The academy is an exempt charity and a company limited by guarantee.

Most schools converting since the Academy Act 2010 was passed will be converter academies. However, some academies, generally those set up to replace underperforming schools, will have a sponsor.

Single academies receive the same level of per-pupil funding as they would receive from the local authority as a maintained school, plus additional income to cover the services that are no longer provided for them by the local authority. However, academies have greater freedom over how they use their budgets to best benefit their students.

Schools looking to convert should read the steps to becoming an academy on the Education Skills and Funding Agency (ESFA) website.

As advisers to 80 Multi-Academy Trust clients, we understand the opportunities, risks and pitfalls of operating as a Multi-Academy Trust.

We are seeing a number of new conversions in the form of a MAT, plus existing single academies which are either joining forces with other academies or taking on other schools who are wanting to convert.

The legal structure of a MAT is one legal entity (exempt charity and company limited by guarantee). Within a MAT all academies are governed by one Trust (the Members) and a board of Directors (the Governors/Trustees). There must be at least three Members, who may be Governors from predecessor governing bodies, foundation bodies or trusts, bringing with them the ethos of the constituent schools. The MAT holds ultimate responsibility for all decisions regarding the running of the individual academies, from setting the curriculum to HR. However, it can delegate some or even most of these decisions to governing bodies of individual academies to enable more focused local control, though it remains legally responsible for standards across all schools in the chain.

There are many advantages of forming a MAT including:

• Sharing of resources – one employer means resources can be moved between schools more easily
• Cost savings as contracts can be re-negotiated
• Improving the pupil experience at individual schools
• Flexibility over governance models
• Cash flow (particularly for small schools).

Umbrella trusts are an alternative to a Multi Academy Trust. We can work with the whole trust delivering a united solution.

If a school wants to convert as part of an Umbrella Trust (UT), each school will convert as a separate Academy Trust, but will in turn agree to join or set up a UT to join a group of schools together. Schools typically convert with a cluster of schools that they already have a relationship with; or with those that they identify as having a similar ethos or strength.

This structure can be appealing to schools as they retain the autonomy of having their own Trust but are able to agree a structure with a group of schools that can allow shared governance, collaboration and procurement of services. The model works most effectively where academies are geographically close. The UT model is also effective for primaries wishing to formalise their relationship with their link secondary school.

We are experienced in working with all different types of free school. 

The free school programme aims to introduce greater local choice by establishing new schools and increases competition to drive up standards.

Free schools are state funded primary, secondary, middle or all-through schools that are independent of local authorities and are academies in law. They are funded on locally determined funding formulae in line with all other schools in the area. They are funded directly by the Education Skills and Funding Agency (ESFA) on a per pupil basis. Mainstream free schools are also able to offer nursery provision, though the funding for this is provided separately. There are four main categories of free school: mainstream, 16 to 19, special and alternative provision (AP).

Free schools were created in response to local demand for improved education for children in their community. There are now 3 application deadlines every year. Further details on opening a free school and the application process, can be found here.

The free school programme aims to introduce greater local choice by establishing new schools and increases competition to drive up standards. In order to ensure quality in free schools, emphasis is placed on:

• The capacity and capability of the proposer group and
• The quality of the provision when the school is open.

Free schools must also provide value for money, especially in periods when capital funding is limited.

Free schools can either be brand new schools or alternatively, existing schools can apply to become a free school.

Key Freedoms for free schools are as follows:

They do not have to:

• Follow the National Curriculum
• Employ teachers with Qualified Teacher Status
• Follow local authority term dates or standard school hours
• Comply with the provisions in the School Teachers’ Pay and Conditions Document.

Key things you will need to consider at the outset are:

• The type of free school you want to establish
• The law and policy as they apply to free schools
• The local need for the particular school you want to set up
• The level of involvement you want to have in setting up and running the school
• The relevant skills and experience you have to set up and run a school
• Whether you need to access any additional expertise and how you might secure this; and
• Potential sites for your free school.

University Technical Colleges (UTCs) are a high quality new route to education and training which follows through to further study and employment.

They are a radical solution to the totally inadequate number of technicians and engineers in the country. They are free standing technical schools for up to 800 14 to 18 year old students, with a typical working day of 8:30am - 5pm. Students spend the equivalent of two days a week on practical study and three days a week on academic study linking the hand with the mind. Each UTC provides at least one technical specialism alongside the key GCSEs in English, maths and science, as well as a modern foreign language, humanities, finance, business, entrepreneurial and employability skills.

All UTCs are supported by a university and a range of local employers. This unique approach offers students a high quality, rounded, technical education which can lead to apprenticeships, foundation and higher degrees.

Local employers both big and small have a major and continuing role via the governance of the UTC. They also help to shape the curriculum and relate it to future jobs that match the needs of the local economy. Students in turn acquire the skills and knowledge employers are looking for.

We have a full understanding of the different funding AP Academies receive. Alternative Provision Academies are a specific type of free school.

They cater principally for children of compulsory school age on short term placements who are disengaged from mainstream education. They may also cater for 16 to 19 year olds. Children of compulsory school age can be referred to alternative provision free schools by local authorities, other schools and academies (‘commissioners’).

The funding for AP free schools is on a different basis to mainstream academies – they receive £8k per pre-16 place from the ESFA and negotiate top-up funding levels with the commissioners of pupil places. Students aged 16 to 19 can either be referred by commissioners or apply to the free school directly, where 16 to 19 funding arrangements will apply.

Non-maintained special schools are specially organised to offer educational provision for pupils with special educational needs (SEN).

They are designated for specific type(s) of SEN. Once a school is open, approval from the Secretary of State would be required if the school wishes to change or extend its designation to cater for children with other types of SEN. Non-maintained special schools can also be free schools.

A special free school can cater for statemented pupils, non-statemented pupils or a mixture of both. Special free schools receive £10k per statemented place from the ESFA and negotiate top-up funding levels with local authorities. Students without statements can either be referred by commissioners or apply to the free school directly, where mainstream funding arrangements will apply.

There are approximately 6750 maintained faith schools out of a total of 19,783 maintained schools in England.

This equates to around 34% of schools which are designated with a religious character.

The Education Act 1944 introduced 2 categories of faith school:

• Voluntary-controlled (VC) -  These had all their costs met by the state, but were controlled by the local authority.
• Voluntary-aided (VA) -  These were partly funded by the state, with the foundation responsible for 50 per cent of capital works and having greater influence over the school. The 50 per cent figure has subsequently been reduced to 10 per cent, although the local authority does have discretion to cover this. They operate under foundations (usually trusts, which are often the Church Diocesan Boards).

Faith schools can convert to an academy. There are different standard documents that will be used during the conversion process to take into account the relationship with the relevant faith. The Department, the National Society and the Catholic Education Service have worked together to agree model articles of association and other documentation to support the conversion of primary and secondary church schools to academy status. There will also be a supplemental agreement, which the Secretary of State has agreed to sign, and which sets out the Department’s underpinning relationship with the dioceses.

In addition, some Catholic dioceses have agreed their own specific documentation with the Department for their converting Catholic primary and secondary schools.

Some dioceses find it useful for their primary and secondary schools to convert in chains of academies, perhaps under an umbrella trust, or in multi-academy trusts, or in collaborative arrangements so that the academies can be mutually supportive, and receive support from their Diocese.